Manual measures of body fat distribution

MANUAL MEASURES OF BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION
Fat distribution is now regarded as of equal or greater importance to total fat as a health risk and new techniques of measuring fat distribution have recently been developed. Abdominal fat has been regarded as one of the key indicators and measures of this include waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and the Gonidty or C-Index. Visceral fat, which in the future is likely to prove to be the most powerful predictor of disease, can only be measured in vivo, or in live organisms, through the imaging machines discussed below. How-ever, estimates can be made from techniques that measure abdominal fat including WHR, and the C-index, and more recently using techniques to measure sagittal diameter (SAD), or a measure of abdominal thickness known as the abdominal diameter index (ADI).
Skinfold measures. Skinfold calipers, discussed above, can be used as a measure of fat distribution as well as a total fat measure with specific body sites (such as subscapular) being used for relative measures of fat loss.

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